Botany

Botany of Tophill Low
Originally surveyed in 1989 by East Yorkshire Botany Club with additions including 2012 surveys by EYBC and the Yorkshire Naturalist’s Union
Compiled by Alan Marshall, additions by Richard Hampshire
RANUNCULACEAE
Ranunculus repens                                                 Creeping Buttercup
R. acris                                                                    Meadow Buttercup
R. bulbosus                                                             Bulbous Buttercup
R. scleratus                                                             Celery Lvd Buttercup
R. ficaria                                                                 Lesser Celendine
R. lingua                                                                  Greater Spearwort
Caltha palustris                                                       Marsh Marigold
R. aquatilis                                                              Common Water Crowfoot
R. trichophyllus                                                       Thread Leaved Water Crowfoot
Thalictrum flavum                                                  Common meadow Rue
 
HIPPURIDACEAE
Hippuris  vulgaris                                                    Mare’s Tail

HALORAGIDACEAE
Myriophyllum spicatum                                          Spiked Water-Milfoil

PAPAVERACEAE
Papaver rhoeas                                                       Common poppy
Papaver dubium                                                      Long-headed / opium poppy

BRASSICACEAE Was called Cruciferae
Brassica napus                                                        Rape
Sinapsis arvensis                                                    Charlock
Sisymbrium officinale                                            Hedge Mustard
Raphanus raphanistrum                                         Wild Radish
Barbarea vulgaris                                                   Winter Cress
Hesperis matronalis                                               Dame’s Violet
Cardamine flexuosa                                                Wavy Bitter Cress
Cardamine hirsute                                                  Hairy Bitter Cress
C. pratensis                                                             Cuckoo Flower
Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum                              Water Cress
Rorippa palustris                                                    Marsh Yellow Cress
Allaria petiolata                                                      Garlic Mustard
Coronopus squamatus                                            Swine Cress
Capsella bursa-pastoris                                          Shepherd’s Purse
Armorciana rusticana                                             Horse Radish

RESEDACEAE
Reseda luteola                                                        Weld

LINACEAE
Linum catharticum                                                 Purging or Fairy Flax

HYPERICACEAE
Hypericum perforatum                                           Common St. John’s
H.perforatum X desetangsii)                                  Des Etangs’St John’s Wort
 (appears to be a back cross)
H. tetrapterum                                                       Square-stemmed St. John’s Wort
H. hirsutum                                                             Hairy St. John’s Wort

VIOLACEAE
Viola riviana                                                            Common Dog Violet
Viola reichenbechiana                                            Early Dog Violet
V. Arvensis                                                              Field Pansy

CARYOPHYLLACEAE
Silene alba                                                              White Campion
Silene Dioica                                                           Red Campion
Silene X Hampeana                                               Hybrid Campion
Stellaria media                                                       Common Chickweed
S. graminea                                                            Lesser Stitchwort
Stellaria palustris                                                   Marsh Stitchwort
S. alsine                                                                  Bog Stitchwort
Cerastium fontanum                                              Common Mouse-ear Chickweed
Cerastium semidecandrum                                    Little Mouse-Ear Chickweed
C. glomeratum                                                        Sticky Mouse-ear Chkweed
C. arvense                                                               Field Mouse-ear Chckweed
Sagina procumbens                                               Procumbent Pearlwort

CHENOPODIACEAE
Atriplex patula                                                        Common Orache
A. hastate                                                               Halberd-leaved Orache
A. prostrata                                                             Spear-leaved Orache
Chenopodium album                                              Fat Hen

GERANIACEAE
Geranium. robertianum                                         Herb Robert
G. molle                                                                  Dove’s foot Crane’s bill
Geranium dissectum                                              Cut Leaved Crane’s bill
G. Pratense                                                             Meadow Crane’s bill
G. Sanguineum                                                       Bloody Crane’s bill

LEGUMINOSAE
Ulex europaeus                                                       Gorse
Trifolium pratense                                                  Red Clover
Trifolium repens                                                     White Clover
Trifolium campestre                                               Hop Trefoil
Trifolium dubium                                                    Lesser Trefoil
Vicia cracca                                                             Tufted Vetch
V. sepium                                                                Bush Vetch
V. sativa                                                                  Common Vetch
V. hirsute                                                                 Hairy Tare
Lathyrus pratensis                                                  Meadow Vetchling
Melilotus altissima                                                 Tall Melilot
Melilotus officinalis                                                Ribbed Melilot
Medicago lupulina                                                  Black Medic
Lotus corniculatus                                                   Common Birds-foot Trefoil
Lotus uliginosus                                                      Greater Birds-foot Trefoil

ROSACEAE
Sorbus aucuparia                                                    Rowan
Sorbus aria                                                              Whitebeam
Prunus avium                                                          Wild Cherry
Prunus domestica                                                   Blackthorn
Pyrus communis                                                     Wild Pear
Malus sylvestris                                                      Crab Apple
Crataegus monogyna                                              Hawthorn
C. laevigata                                                             Midland Hawthorn
Rosa arvensis                                                          Field Rose
Rosa canina                                                            Dog Rose
Rosa caesia ssp vosagiaca                                     Hairy Dog Rose
Rubus fruticosus                                                     Bramble Blackberry               
R. idaeus                                                                 Raspberry
P. reptans                                                                Creeping Cinquefoil
Potentilla anserina                                                 Silver Weed
Agrimonia eupatoria                                              Agrimony
Sanguisorba officinalis                                           Great Burnet
Filipendula ulmaria                                                 Meadow Sweet
Geum urbanum                                                      Wood Avens, Herb Bennet

CRASSULACEAE
Sedum acre                                                             Biting Stonecrop

GROSSULARIACEAE
Ribes nigrum                                                          Black Currant

ONAGRACEAE
Epilobium montanum                                             Broad Leaved Willow Herb   
E. roseum                                                                Pale or Small Flowered Willow Herb
Epilobium hirsutum                                               Great Hairy Willow Herb
E. parviflorum                                                         Hoary Willow Herb
E. palustre                                                               Marsh Willow Herb
E. ciliatum                                                               American Willow Herb
E. tetragonum                                                         Square-stalked Willow Herb
Chamerion angustifolium                                       Rosebay Willow Herb
 
Circaea lutetiana                                                    Enchanters Nightshade  

LYTHRACEAE
Lythrum salicaria                                                    Purple Loosestrife

URTICACEAE
Urtica dioica                                                           Common Nettle
Urtica urens                                                            Annual or Small Nettle

CUCURBITACEAE
Bryonia dioica                                                         White Bryony
 
TAXACEAE
Taxus baccata                                                         Yew
 
CUPRESSACEAE
Cupressocyparis leylandii                                       Lelandii Cypress

PINACEAE
Larix decidua                                                           Eurpean Larch
Picea abies                                                              Norway Spruce
Pinus sylvestris                                                       Scots Pine
Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia                                    Lodgepole Pine

SALICACEAE
Populus canescens                                                  Grey Poplar
Populus nigra ‘Italica’                                             Lombardy Poplar
Populus trichocarpa                                                Western Balsam Poplar
Salix fragilis                                                            Crack Willow
Salix caprea                                                            Goat Willow
Salix X sepulcralis ‘Chysocoma’                              Golden Weeping Willow
Salix viminalis                                                         Common Osier

BETULACEAE
Betula pendula                                                       Silver Birch
Alnus glutinosa                                                       Alder
 
Alnus cordata                                                          Italian Alder
Carpinus betulus                                                     Hornbeam
Corylus avellana                                                      Hazel

FAGACEAE
Fagus sylvatica                                                       Beech
Quercus petraea                                                     Sessile Oak
Quercus robur                                                         Pendunculate Oak

ULMACEAE
Ulmus Montana                                                      Wych Elm

PLATANACEAE
Platanus X hispanica                                               London Plane
 
AQUIFOLIACEAE
Ilex aquifolium                                                        Holly
 
ACERACEAE
Acer campestre                                                      Field Maple
Acer pseudoplatanus                                              Sycamore
Acer platanoides                                                     Norway Maple
 
HIPPOCASTANACEAE
Aesculus hippocastanum                                        Horse Chestnut
 
RHAMNACEAE
Frangula alnus                                                        Alder Buckthorn

TILIACEAE
Tilia platyphyllos                                                     Large Leaved Lime Tree

CORNACEAE
Thelycrania sanguinea                                            Dogwood

OLEACEAE
Fraxinus excelsior                                                   Ash
Ligustrum ovalifolium                                            Garden Privet

CELASTRACEAE
Euonymus europaeus                                             Spindle
 
ARALIACEAE
Hedera helix                                                           Ivy

EUPHORBIACEAE
Euphorbia peplus                                                    Petty Spurge
E. helioscopia                                                          Sun Spurge
 
UMBELLIFERAE (now called APIACEA)
Anthriscus sylvestris                                               Cow Parsley
Torillis japonica                                                      Upright Hedge Parsley
Anthriscum caucalis                                               Bur Chervil
Chaerophyllum temulentum                                  Rough Chervil
Conium maculatum                                                  Hemlock
Aegopodium podagraria                                         Ground Elder
Angelica sylvestris                                                  Angelica
Heracleum sphondyllium                                       Hogweed
Sium latifolium                                                       Greater Water Parsnip
Apium nodiflorum                                                  Fools Watercress
Hydrocotyle vulgaris                                               Marsh Pennywort
Daucus carota                                                         Wild Carrot
 
POLYGONACEAE
R. sanguineus                                                         Wood or Red Veined Dock
R. conglomerates                                                   Clustered or sharp Dock
R. obtusifolius                                                         Broad Leaved Dock
R. crispus                                                                 Curled Leaved Dock
R. longifolius                                                           Narrow Leaved Dock
R. hydrolapathum                                                   Great Water Dock
Rumex acetosa                                                       Common Sorrel
Polygonum aviculare                                              Knotgrass
P. amphibium                                                         Amphibious Bistort
Persicaria persicaria                                               Redshank or Persicaria
Persicaria lapathifolium                                         Pale Persicaria
P .bistorta                                                               Bistort, Snake Root
P. convolvulus                                                         Black Bindweed

PRIMULACEAE
Primula vulgaris                                                      Primrose
Primula elatior                                                        Oxlip
P. veris                                                                    Cowslip
Hotonnia palustris                                                  Water Violet
Lysimachia vulgaris                                                 Yellow Loosestrife
Lysimachia nummularia                                         Creeping Jenny
Anagallis arvensis                                                   Scarlet Pimpernel

CONVOLVULACEAE
Convolvulus arvensis                                               Field Bind Weed
Calystegia sepium                                                  Hedge Bindweed
Calystegia silvatica                                                 Great Bindweed

SOLANACEAE
Solanum dulcamara                                               Bittersweet or Woody

SCROPHULARIACEAE
S. nodosa                                                                  Common Figwort
Scrophularia auriculata                                          Water Figwort
Digitalis purpurea                                                   Foxglove
Chaenorhinum minus                                             Small Toadflax
V. chamaedrys                                                        Germander Sp/Well
Veronica serpyllifolia                                              Thyme Lvd Speedwell
V. persica                                                                  Large Field Sp/Well
V. anagalis-aquatica                                               Water Speedwell
V. catenata                                                             Pink Water Speedwell
V. polita                                                                  Grey Field Speedwell
V. beccabunga                                                        Brooklime
Odontites vernus                                                    Red Bartsia
Rhinanthus minor                                                   Yellow Rattle

LAMIACEAE (was called Labiatae)
Mentha aquatica                                                    Water Mint
M. arvensis                                                             Corn Mint
Lycopus europaeus                                                 Gipsywort
L. purpureum                                                          Red Dead Nettle
Lamium arvensis                                                    White Dead Nettle
Galeopsis tetrahit                                                   Common Hemp Nettle
Galeopsis speciosa                                                 Large Flowered Hemp Nettle
Clinopodium vulgare                                               Wild Basil              
Scutellaria galericulata                                          Common Skull Cap
Glechoma hederacea                                             Ground Ivy
S. sylvatica                                                              Hedge Woundwort
Stachys palustris                                                     Marsh Woundwort
Prunella vulgaris                                                     Selfheal
BORAGINACEAE
M. scorpioides                                                        Water Forget-me-not
Myosotis sylvatica                                                  Wood Forget-me-not
M. arvensis                                                            Cmn or Field Forget-me-not
M. ramosissima                                                      Early Forget-me-not
M. laxa                                                                    Tufted Forget-me-not
Symphytum officinale                                            Common Comfrey

PLANTAGINACEAE
Plantago lanceolata                                               Ribwort Plantain
P. major                                                                  Broad leaved Plantain

CAMPANULACEA
Campanula trachelium                                           Nettle-leaved Bellflower

CAPRIFOLIACEAE
Sambucus nigra                                                      Elder
Viburnum opulus                                                    Guelder Rose
Lonicera periclymenum                                          Honeysuckle

VALERIANACEAE
Valeriana officinalis                                              Common Valerian
V. dioica                                                                  Marsh Valerian
 
RUBIACEAE
G. mullugo                                                              Great Hedge Bedstraw
G. palustre                                                              Marsh Bedstraw
Galium  aparine                                                      Cleavers, Goose grass
G. Cruciata (now called Cruciata laevipes)         Crosswort
G. verum                                                                 Lady’s Bedstraw
Sheradia arvensis                                                   Field Madder

DIPSACACEAE
Dipsacus fullonum                                                  Wild Teasel

COMPOSITAE (Now called Asteraceae)
S. jacobea                                                               Common Ragwort
Senecio vulgaris                                                      Groundsel
Pulicaria dysenterica                                              Fleabane
Conyza canadensis                                                  Canadian Fleabane
Leucanthemum vulgare                                          Ox-eyed daisy
Bidens cernua                                                         Nodding Bur-marigold
Seeds - cernua left / tripartite right 
Bidens tripartite                                                     Trifid Bur-marigold
Bellis perennis                                                        Daisy
Tussilago farfara                                                    Coltsfoot
Petasites hybridus                                                  Butterbur 
Achillea millefolium                                               Yarrow
Achillea ptarmica                                                   Sneezewort
Eupatorium cannabinum                                        Hemp Agrimony
Tetraspermum inodorum                                       Scentless Mayweed
Matricaria recutita                                                 Scented Mayweed
Matricaria matricarioides (now M. discoidea)      Pineapple Mayweed
Artimissia vulgaris                                                  Mugwort
C. vulgaris                                                               Spear Thistle
C. palustre                                                               Marsh Thistle
Circium arvensis                                                     Creeping thistle
Carduus acanthoides                                              Welted Thistle
Carduus nutans                                                       Nodding Thistle
C. Nutans                                                                  Musk thistle
Centaurea nigra                                                      Black Knapweed
Arctium minus                                                        Lesser Burdock
Echinops sphaerocephalus                                     Globe Thistle
Taraxacum officinale                                              Dandelion
Tragapogon pratensis                                             Goat’s beard
Mycellis muralis                                                     Wall Lettuce
Lactuca serriola                                                      Prickly Lettuce
Hypochaeris radicata                                              Common Cat’s ear
Leontodon hispidus                                                 Rough Hawkbit
L. autumnalis                                                          Autumn Hawkbit
L. taraxacoides                                                        Lesser Hawkbit
Lapsana communis                                                 Nipplewort
Crepis capillaris                                                      Smooth Hawk’s beard
C. paludosa                                                             Marsh Hawk’s beard
Picris echioides                                                       Bristly Oxtongue
S. arvensis                                                               Perennial Sowthistle
S. oleraceus                                                            Smooth Sowthistle
Sonchus asper                                                         Prickly Sowthistle
 
ALISMATACEAE
Allisma Plantago-aquatica                                     Common Water Plantain
Sagittaria sagittifolia                                             Arrowhead
Male Flower                                                                 
Female Flower
 
BUTOMACEAE
Butomus umbellatus                                              Flowering Rush

LILLIACEAE
Polygonatum multiflorum                                      Common Solomon’s Seal
Hyacinthoides non-scriptus                                    Bluebell
Endymion hispanicus                                              Spanish Blue Bell

AMARYLLIDACAE
Narcissus                                                                Naturalised daffodil
Galanthus nivalis                                                    Snowdrop

IRIDACEAE
Iris pseudocorus                                                      Yellow Flag
ORCHIDACEAE
Listera ovata                                                           Common Twayblade
Anacamptis pyramidalis                                         Pyramidal Orchid
Ophrys apifera                                                        Bee Orchid
D. fuchsii                                                                 Common Spotted Orchid
Dactylorhiza praetermissa                                     Southern Marsh Orchid
D. incarnata                                                            Early Marsh-Orchid
Dactylorhiza purpurella                                          Northern Marsh Orchid
D. incarnata X D. fuchsii                                         Early Marsh X Cmn Spotted Orchids
D praetermissa X D fuchsii                                     Sthn Marsh X Cmn Spotted Orchids

CALLITRICHACEAE
Callitriche stagnalis                                                 Water Starwort
Callitriche platycarpa                                              Various-leaved Water Starwort

LEMNACEAE
Lemna minor                                                          Common Duckweed
 
HYDROCHARITACEAE
Elodes Canadensis                                                  Canadian Pondweed

POTAMOGETONACEAE
Potamogeton natans                                              Broad Lvd Pondweed
P. alpinus                                                                  Reddish Pondweed

JUNCACEAE
J. bufonius                                                               Toad Rush
J. articulatus                                                           Jointed Rush
J. acutiflorus                                                           Sharp Rush
Juncus inflexus                                                        Hard Rush
J. effusus                                                                 Soft Rush
J. conglomerates                                                    Compact Rush
J. subnodulosus                                                       Blunt Flowered Rush
J. filiformis                                                              Thread Rush
Luzula campestris                                                   Field Rush
Eleocharis palustris                                                Common Spike Rush

CYPERACEAE
C. otrubae                                                               False Fox Sedge
C. nigra                                                                    Common Sedge
C. dimissa                                                               Common Yellow Sedge
C. hirta                                                                    Hairy Sedge
Carex flacca                                                            Glaucous Sedge
C. panicea                                                               Carnation Grass Sedge
C. riparia                                                                 Greater Pond Sedge
C.acutiformis                                                          Lesser Pond Sedge
C. distiche                                                               Brown Sedge
C. remota                                                                Remote Sedge
C. dioica                                                                  Dioecious Sedge

SPARGANIACEAE
Sparganium erectum                                              Branched Bur-reed
S. emersum                                                            Unbranched Bur-reed

TYPHACEAE
Typha latifolia                                                         Reed Mace
Typha angustifolia                                                  Lesser Reed Mace

POACEA (Was called Graminea)
Agropyron caninum                                                Bearded Couch Grass
Agropyron repens                                                   Common Couch Grass
L. multiflorum                                                         Italian Rye Grass
Lolium perenne                                                       Perennial Rye Grass
Triticum aestivum                                                  Bread Wheat
Brachypodium pinnatum                                        Tor Grass (Heath False Brome)
Phleum pratense                                                    Timothy Grass
Alopecurus geniculatus                                          Marsh Foxtail Grass          
Alopecurus pratensis                                              Meadow Foxtail Grass
Festuca rubra                                                          Red Fescue Grass
Festuca pratensis                                                   Meadow Foxtail Grass
Anthoxanthum oderatum                                       Sweet Vernal Grass
Cynosurus cristatus                                                 Crested Dog’s tail
Agrostis stolonifera                                                 Creeping Bent Grass
A. capillaris                                                             Common Bent
Phalaris arundinacea                                              Reed Canary Grass
Deschampsia caespitosa                                        Tufted Hairgrass
Holcus lanatus                                                        Yorkshire Fog
Dactylis Glomerata                                                 Cocksfoot Grass
Poa annua                                                               Annual Meadow Grass
Poa nemoralis                                                         Wood Meadow Grass
Poa pratensis                                                          Smooth Stalked Meadow Grass
Poa trivialis                                                             Rough Meadow Grass
Glyceria fluitans                                                     Flote Grass (or Floating Sweet Grass)
Glyceria maxima                                                    Reed Sweet Grass
F. arundinacea                                                        Tall Fescue
Bromus ramosus                                                    Hairy Brome Grass
Anisantha sterilis  Bromus sterilis                         Barren Brome Grass
Phragmites australis                                              Common Reed
Arrhenatherum elatius                                           False Oat Grass
Trisetum flavescens                                               Yellow Oat-grass

DRYOPTERIS
D. felix-mas                                                            Male Fern
D. carthusiana                                                         Narrow Buckler Fern
Dryopteris dilitata                                                   Broad Buckler Fern

EQUISETACEAE
E. arvense                                                               Field  Horsetail
Equisetum fluviatile                                               Water Horsetail
E. palustre                                                               Marsh Horsetail
E. sylvaticum                                                           Wood Horsetail     
 
BRYOPHYTA